Google Sheets function
INDEX function in Google Sheets
INDEX in Google Sheets returns the value at a specified row and column within a reference. Use it to retrieve a known position from a table or combine it with MATCH when the desired row or column must be found dynamically.
Source: Google Docs Editors HelpLast verified Nov 5, 2026
Syntax
=INDEX(reference, [row], [column])Arguments
| Argument | Required | What it means |
|---|---|---|
reference | Yes | The range or array containing the value to return. |
row | No | The row position within the reference. |
column | No | The column position within the reference. |
Examples
Return a price from a table
| A | B | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Product | Price |
| 2 | Notebook | 6 |
| 3 | Pen | 2 |
| 4 | Folder | 4 |
=INDEX(A2:B4,2,2)Result: 2
The second row and second column of the selected table contains the price 2.
Common mistakes
Counting sheet row numbers instead of positions within the reference.
Count from the first row and column of the selected reference.
Requesting a row or column outside the reference.
Keep both position numbers within the dimensions of the selected range.